$A$ beam of white light is incident normally on a plane surface absorbing $70\%$ of the light and reflecting the rest. If the incident beam carries $10\,W$ of power,find the force exerted by it on the surface :-

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion $(A)$ and the other is labelled as Reason $(R)$.
Assertion $(A)$: The electromagnetic wave exerts pressure on the surface on which they are allowed to fall.
Reason $(R)$: There is no mass associated with the electromagnetic waves.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

$A$ point source of light is placed at the centre of curvature of a hemispherical surface. The source emits a power of $24 \, W$. The radius of curvature of the hemisphere is $10 \, cm$ and the inner surface is completely reflecting. The force on the hemisphere due to the light falling on it is $.......... \times 10^{-8} \, N$.

Sunlight falls normally on a surface of area $36 \, cm^{2}$ and exerts an average force of $7.2 \times 10^{-9} \, N$ within a time period of $20 \, minutes$. Considering a case of complete absorption,the energy flux of incident light is:

Radiation of intensity $I$ is falling obliquely on a surface. The area of the surface exposed to radiation is $A$. The angle of incidence with the normal is $\theta$. Select the correct alternative,where $\beta$ is a constant that depends upon the nature of the surface.

The radiation pressure $1 \,m$ away from a $330 \,W$ electric bulb is